An accounting year, or accounting period, is a company’s annual reporting period. Many different kinds of reports are based on the accounting year - including taxes, for example. An accounting year is almost always a period of twelve months, but it does not necessarily have to follow the beginning and end of the twelve month calendar year.

The amount of money owed to a company by customers for goods or services that have been delivered or used, but not yet paid.

Cumulative depreciation of an asset up to a single point in its life (see Depreciation & Amortization).

Represents the excess paid by an investor over the par-value price of a stock issue. Additional paid-in-capital can arise from issuing either preferred or common stock. (See Preferred Stock and Common Stock).